Wei Wang

Research Fellow

“We feel and know that we are eternal”

Baruch Spinoza

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Designing Adaptive User Interfaces for mHealth Applications Targeting Chronic Disease: A User-Centered Approach

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Abstract

This paper proposes a user-centred way to design adaptive interfaces for mobile health apps.

Many people with chronic diseases stop using health apps because the apps do not fit their needs over time.

The study develops and tests design guidelines with users and software practitioners.

The goal is to help teams build health apps that are easier to use, more accessible, and more useful for long-term self-management.

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2

Submission

TOSEM Published. Preprint
Preprint

🔍 Abstract

Mobile Health (mHealth) applications have demonstrated considerable potential in supporting chronic disease self-management; however, they remain underutilized due to low engagement, limited accessibility,and poor long-term adherence. These issues are particularly prominent among users with chronic disease, whose needs and capabilities vary widely. To address this, Adaptive User Interfaces (AUIs) offer a dynamic solution by tailoring interface features to users’ preferences, health status, and contexts. This paper presents a two-stage study to develop and validate actionable AUI design guidelines for mHealth applications. In stage one, an AUI prototype was evaluated through focus groups, interviews, and a standalone survey, revealing key user challenges and preferences. These insights informed the creation of an initial set of guidelines. In stage two, the guidelines were refined based on feedback from 20 end users and evaluated by 43 software practitioners through two surveys. This process resulted in nine finalized guidelines. To assess real-world relevance, a case study of four mHealth applications was conducted, with findings supported by user reviews highlighting the utility of the guidelines in identifying critical adaptation issues. This study offers actionable, evidence-based guidelines that help software practitioners design AUI in mHealth to better support individuals managing chronic diseases.

📌 Submission

TOSEM Published. Preprint UPV

📝 Citation

Wei Wang, John Grundy, Hourieh Khalajzadeh, Anuradha Madugalla, and Humphrey O. Obie. 2025. Designing Adaptive User Interfaces for mHealth Applications Targeting Chronic Disease: A User-Centered Approach. ACM Trans. Softw. Eng. Methodol. 1, 1 (June 2025), 56 pages. https://doi.org/10.1145/3731750 UPV